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What is Tuberculosis (TB)? Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis . It mainly affects the lungs , but it can also attack other parts of the body like the brain, spine, kidneys, or lymph nodes. 1️⃣ What Causes Tuberculosis? TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis . It spreads through the air when a person with active TB in their lungs : Coughs Sneezes Talks Sings Tiny droplets containing bacteria float in the air. If another person breathes them in, they can become infected. ⚠️ TB does NOT spread through: Sharing food Shaking hands Touching surfaces Sexual contact 2️⃣ Types of Tuberculosis There are two main types : 🔹 1. Latent TB (Inactive TB) The bacteria are in the body. The immune system keeps them under control. The person has no symptoms . The person is not contagious . It can become active later. 🔹 2. Active TB The bacteria multiply and cause illness. The person has symptoms. The person can spr...